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Alternaria Nees, Syst. Pilze (Würzburg): 72 (1816) [1816–17] For synonyms see Index Fungorum (2018) Background Alternaria was established by Nees von Esenbeck (1816) and species of Alternaria are known as serious plant pathogens (Nishimura et al. 1978; Peever et al. 2002; Thomma 2003; Lawrence et......
Armillaria (Fr.) Staude, Schwämme Mitteldeutschl. 28: xxviii, 130 (1857) Background Armillaria is a plant pathogenic genus in the phylum Basidiomycota, family Physalacriaceae (He et al. 2019), collectively referred to as shoestring root-rot fungi or honey mushrooms. Armillaria can cause root-rot disease in a wide variety......
Barriopsis A.J.L. Phillips, A. Alves & Crous, in Phillips et al., Persoonia 21: 39 (2008). Background Stevens (1926) originally described the type species of Barriopsis in Physlospora as Physlospora fusca and Petrak and Deighton (1952) transferred it to Phaeobotryosphaeria. The fungus that was considered by......
Bipolaris Shoemaker, Can. J. Bot. 33:882(1959) For synonyms see Index Fungorum (2018) Background Species of Bipolaris are cosmopolitan and distributed throughout a broad range of environments. Bipolaris species are pathogens, saprobes or endophytes of a wide range of hosts (Hyde et al. 2014). Bipolaris......
Boeremia Aveskamp, Gruyter & Verkley, in Aveskamp, Gruyter, Woudenberg, Verkley & Crous, Stud. Mycol. 65: 36 (2010) Background Boeremia was established by Aveskamp et al. (2010) to accommodate phoma-like species that are morphologically similar to Phoma exigua. To date only B. lycopersici is reported to......
Botryosphaeria Ces. & De Not., Comm. Soc. crittog. Ital. 1(fasc. 4): 211 (1863) Background The genus Botryosphaeria (Botryosphaeriaceae) was introduced by Cesati and de Notaris (1863), revised by Saccardo (1877) and is based on the type species Botryosphaeria dothidea (Barr 1972; Slippers et al. 2004c).......
Botrytis Background Erected by Micheli in 1729, the genus Botrytis is one of the first described genera of fungi. Persoon (1801) designated five species under the binomial system of Linnaeus validated the genus and included one of Micheli’s species, B. cinerea, so named by Von......
Calonectria De Not., Comm. Soc. Crittog. Ital. 2(fasc.3): 477 (1867) For synonyms see Index Fungorum (2018) Background Calonectria was first introduced based on C. daldiniana in 1867. Calonectria species are pathogenic to a wide range of woody and herbaceous plant hosts in tropical and......
Capnodium Mont., Annls Sci. Nat., Bot, sér. 3, 11: 233 (1849) The genus Capnodium was introduced by Montagne (1849) to accommodate C. salicinum. Capnodium is one of the most commonly found sooty molds in gardens and landscapes (Laemmlen 2011). Capnodium has a saprobic association with......
Cercospora Fresen. ex Fuckel, Hedwigia 2(15): 133 (1863) Background Cercospora includes pathogens, saprobes and endophytes. Species are widely distributed, occurring on numerous flowering and ornamental plants, ferns, other fungi (as parasites), gymnosperms, grasses and other monocotyledons such as lilies, magnoliids and palms, mostly causing leaf......
Chaetothyrina Theiss., Annls mycol. 11(6):495 (1913) The genus Chaetothyrina was established by Theissen (1913), with C. musarum (Speg.) Theiss. as the type species. Chaetothyrina was placed in Micropeltidaceae based on its superficial, flattened base, poorly developed thyriothecium and irregular meandering arrangement of compact hyphae of......
Choanephora Background The genus Choanephora belongs to family Choanephoraceae in the order Mucorales (former Zygomycota). The genus was introduced by Currey (1873) for C. cunninghamii, to replace the generic name of his newly described species Cunninghamia infundibulifera, as Cunninghamia already existed as a genus of......
Cladosporium Link, Mag. Gesell. naturf. Freunde, Berlin 7: 37 (1816) [1815] Background Cladosporium belongs to Cladosporiaceae in the order Capnodiales (Hyde et al. 2013; Liu et al. 2017). Established in 1816 with C. herbarum as type species, Cladosporium is one of the largest genera of......
Clinoconidium Pat., Bulletin de la Société Mycologique de France 14: 156 (1898) Background Clinoconidium is an important genus that causes smut disease on plants in the family Lauraceae. This genus was established by Patouillard (1898) and typified with Clinoconidium farinosum. Taxonomically, Clinoconidium is placed......
Colletotrichum Corda, in Sturm, Deutschl. Fl., 3 Abt. (Pilze Deutschl.) 3(12): 41 (1831) Background Colletotrichum was introduced by Corda (1831), belonging to Glomerellaceae (Glomerellales, Sordariomycetes), and is the sole member of this family (Maharachchikumbura et al. 2015, 2016; Hyde et al. 2020b). Species may occupy......
Coniella Höhn., Ber. dt. bot. Ges. 36(7): 316 (1918) = Pilidiella Petr. & Syd., Beih. Reprium nov. Spec. Regni veg. 42(1): 462 (1927) [1926]; = Schizoparme Shear, Mycologia 15(3): 120 (1923) For more synonyms see Index Fungorum (2018) Background Coniella Höhn. is a cosmopolitan......
Corticiaceae Herter, Krypt.-Fl, Brandenburg (Leipzig) 6(1):70 (1910) Background Corticiaceae is one of the oldest family names established by Heter (1910) and for a long time was a repository for all basidiomycetes sharing corticioid type of fruiting body, that is basidiomes with resupinate or cortex-like appearance......
Curvularia Boedijn, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, 3 Sér. 13: 123 (1933) For synonyms see Index Fungorum (2018) Background The cosmopolitan Curvularia consists of pathogens and saprobes of various plants, as well as opportunistic pathogens of humans and animals. They are abundantly found as the pathogens......
Cylindrocladiella Boesew., Canadian Journal of Botany 60 (11): 2289 (1982) = Nectricladiella Crous & C.L. Schoch, Studies in Mycology 45: 54 (2000) Background Boeswinkel (1982) established Cylindrocladiella to accommodate five Cylindrocladium-like species producing small, cylindrical conidia. Even though the generic status of Cylindrocladiella was initially......
Cyphellophora G.A. de Vries, Mycopath. Mycol. appl. 16(1):47(1962) Cyphellophora is cosmopolitan, comprising species distributed from a broad range of environmental sources as human and animal disease, saprobes, epiphytes and plant pathogens (de Hoog et al. 1999, 2000; Jacob and Bhat 2000; Decock et al. 2003;......
